SQL Injection Protection

If you’re collecting any sort of data on your website, then you absolutely must know how to protect your website from SQL injection attacks. There are several strategies you can use to protect against this common threat. None of them offers complete protection, but, taken together they can form a very robust defense.

How to protect website from SQL injection

When looking at how to protect your website from SQL injection attacks, there are three key points you need to keep in mind at all times. Firstly, the fewer data-input channels you have on your website, the fewer opportunities hackers have for injecting SQL. Secondly, the better you control the input of data on those channels, the harder it becomes for hackers to inject SQL. Thirdly, really determined hackers can still potentially find a way to inject SQL, so it’s important to think about what can be done to stop this SQL from causing any damage.

How to Protect Website from SQL Injection

Managing your data-input channels

In simple terms, any time you are thinking about offering an application that requires a web user to enter data, then consider it in terms of risk versus reward. Realistically, many SMBs are going to have to collect data on their websites and deal with the risk it involves. There is, however, a major difference between “most” and “all”. For example, if the main purpose of your website is to showcase services rather than to sell products, then you might be able to cut back substantially, if not completely, on data input.

Controlling your data-input channels

The golden rule of controlling your data-input channels is never to give your users free rein to enter what they like if you can possibly avoid it. This isn’t just about protecting against SQL injection, it can also go a long way to ensuring data quality.

If you’re collecting data, then try to use radio-buttons, drop-down menus, and click-on calendars as much as possible. When you have to use free-text fields, see what can be done to validate the inputs, but be careful. For example, while most properties will have numbers, some may have names. Zipcodes, however, are standardized and are therefore much easier to validate.

If you’re allowing users to upload files, then you need to be particularly careful. Ideally, you should restrict the types of file which can be uploaded, limit their size, and validate very carefully to ensure that users are playing by the rules. Even then, it’s very much preferable to quarantine the uploads for extra security.

Stopping the damage of SQL injections

Before you look at how to eliminate, or at least limit, the damage of SQL injections, it’s important to emphasize that you need a solid baseline of general security. In particular, you need to ensure that all software is kept up-to-date and with default settings changed and permissions set as appropriate.

You also need a website vulnerability scanner for your website plus a robust anti-malware solution for your local computers and mobile devices. Last but not least, you should be managing and monitoring user accounts effectively, especially administrator accounts.

It’s also strongly recommended to minimize the quantity of data you collect. This may actually be a legal requirement depending on your jurisdiction (and the jurisdiction of your users). The less data you collect, the less appealing your database is to hackers and the less exposed you are if there is a security breach.

This last point should not, however, be seen as a justification for reducing your security. You still want to keep it as tight as possible. Essentially, you’re trying to create a situation in which attacking you will be more hassle than it’s worth.

With all that said, the key to limiting the risk of SQL injection attacks is to manage database accesses. First of all, each web application should have its own database account. Sharing database accounts between applications (or, even worse, between websites), is just asking for trouble.

Secondly, each database account should have the minimum level of privilege necessary to complete its intended tasks. It is in the highest degree unlikely that any web application will ever need administrator privileges for a database. They may need INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE privileges, but on many websites, there is going to be a limited need even for these. Most web applications really only need SELECT privileges so that they can retrieve data.

As a final point, be careful about your public-facing error messages. The best way to approach these is generally to have codes for different types of errors. This prevents malicious actors from learning about your internal systems, while still providing a decent amount of information for your internal team (who can look up the meaning of each code).

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